SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Lovo, Stefania; Magnani, Riccardo; Perali, Carlo Federico.

This paper develops a multi-regional general equilibrium model (MEG-R) to compare the social desirability of the CAP reform in the three Italian macro-regions: North, Center and South. The model employs a mixed complementary framework that allows for the decision of not producing a particular crop in one or more regions and presents an attempt to model interregional trade flows. The model incorporates the links between production and consumption that characterize farm household’s behavior and allows for heterogeneous household responses across regions. Results show a general tendency to reallocations from cereal crops to forage that appear more severe in the South. In this region, the reduction in crops cannot be translated into an effective expansion of...

A REGIONAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS OF THE WELFARE IMPACT OF CASH TRANSFERS: AN ANALYSIS OF PROGRESA IN MEXICO

Palavras-chave: Multi-regional general equilibrium model; Farm households; Interregional trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; C68; R13; Q18.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98996

Coady, David P.; Harris, Rebecca Lee.

Using a regionally disaggregated computable general equilibrium model, we analyze the differential welfare impacts of a cash transfer program targeted at rural areas. The direct effect of the transfers decreases regional income differentials, but the indirect effects depend on how the program is financed. Financing the program with a more efficient tax system is also less regressive and has favorable urban impacts. The less efficient instruments result in relatively higher incomes in all rural regions, but are more regressive. The increasing share of urban poverty highlights the shortcomings of rural targeting and raises the issue of horizontal equity.

Agglomeration, Migration and Agricultural Growth: A Regional CGE Analysis for Uganda

Palavras-chave: General equilibrium; Targeted transfers; Regional impacts; Tax incidence; Food Security and Poverty; D3; D58; D60; H2; O10; O54; R13.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16303

Dorosh, Paul A.; Thurlow, James.

CGE Analysis; Development Strategy; sub-Saharan Africa;

Aggregation and Calibration of Agricultural Sector Models Through Crop Mix Restrictions and Marginal Profit Adjustments

Palavras-chave: Rural-urban linkages; Internal migration; Regional development; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Q18; R13; R23.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50775

Wiborg, Torben; McCarl, Bruce A.; Rasmussen, Svend; Schneider, Uwe A..

All agricultural sector models must deal with aggregation and calibration somehow. The aggregation problem involves treating a group of producers as if they all responded in the same way as a single representative unit. The calibration problem concerns making a model reproduce as closely as possible an empirically observed set of decision maker actions. This paper shows how both calibration and aggregation are addressed through crop mix restrictions combined with marginal profit adjust-ments.

Agriculture and Income Distribution: Insights from a SAM of the Italian Economy

Palavras-chave: Mathematical programming; Aggregation; Calibration; Crop mix; Marginal cost; Agricultural sector model; Agribusiness; C6; C61; Q1; Q11; Q17; Q18; R12; R13; R14.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24567

Rocchi, Benedetto; Romano, Donato; Stefani, Gianluca.

The paper presents the results of the first SAM analysis of the agricultural sector in Italy. A SAM of the Italian economy has been properly modified in order to focus the analysis on agriculture. Two type of analysis have been carried out: (i) a multiplier analysis, and (ii) an assessment of the distributive impacts of different agricultural policies. This paper proposes also a new method for disaggregating the institutional sectors and production factors in order to analyze income distribution within the economy, with special emphasis on the agricultural sector. Main results are: (i) "fully" decoupled income supporting schemes (transfers to agricultural households) are the most equitable interventions and determine a perfect targeting of the distributive...

Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Strategies In Italy. An Economic Assessment

Palavras-chave: Social accounting matrix; Agriculture; Income distribution; Italy; Labor and Human Capital; R13; R15; Q18; E25.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24919

Carraro, Carlo; Sgobbi, Alessandra.

In this paper, the economic value of the impacts of climate change is assessed for different Italian economic sectors and regions. Sectoral and regional impacts are then aggregated to provide a macroeconomic estimate of variations in GDP induced by climate change in the next decades. Autonomous adaptation induced by changes in relative prices and in stocks of natural and economic resources is fully taken into account. The model also considers international trade effects. Results show that in Italy aggregate GDP losses induced by climate change are likely to be small. However, some economic sectors (e.g. tourism) and the alpine regions will suffer significant economic damages.

Did Agricultural Technological Changes Affect China’s Regional Disparity?

Palavras-chave: Impacts; Climate Change; Adaptation; GDP Losses; Tourism; Environmental Economics and Policy; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O13; Q43; Q5; R13.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6373

Liu, Xiaoyun; Wang, Xiuqing; Mao, Xuefeng; Luo, Wanchun; Xin, Xian.

China’s agricultural sector has developed very rapidly in the past 30 years and agricultural technological progress is deemed one of the most substantial factors leading to its rapid agricultural GDP growth. In this paper, we assess the impacts of agricultural technological changes on regional disparity using a general equilibrium model of multiple regions and multiple sectors. Our results suggest that agricultural technological changes significantly reduced China’s agricultural regional disparity and accounted for 40% reduction in agricultural regional disparity in terms of agricultural GDP per capita. Agricultural technological changes, however, led to an increase in China’s overall regional disparity and accounted for 6% increase in its overall regional...

Economic Impact of Wildlife-Associated Recreation Expenditures in the Southeast United States: A General Equilibrium Analysis

Palavras-chave: Agricultural technological change; Regional disparity; General equilibrium model; Agricultural and Food Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q16; R13; O18; O33; C67.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50322

Hussain, Anwar; Munn, Ian A.; Holland, David W.; Armstrong, James; Spurlock, Stanley R..

The economic impact of wildlife-associated recreation in the Southeast United States was evaluated using a general equilibrium model. Exogenous demand shocks to the regional economy were based on estimates of expenditures by wildlife recreationists on hunting, fishing, and wildlife watching activities. Counterfactual simulations were carried out, making alternative assumptions about labor and capital mobility and their supply. Without wildlife-associated recreation expenditures, regional employment would have been smaller by up to 783 thousand jobs, and value added would have been $22 to $48 billion less. These findings underscore the significance of regional factor market conditions in economic impact and general equilibrium analysis.

Tipo: Article

Palavras-chave: General equilibrium modeling; Input-output analysis; Regional economic impact; Wildlife-associated recreation activities; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; R13; R15; Q26.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120456

Economic regional impacts of water transfers: the role of factor mobility in a case study of the agricultural sector in the Balearic Islands

Tirado, Dolores; Lozano, Javier; Gomez Gomez, Carlos Mario.

Using a CGE model for the Balearic Islands, we simulate the effects of an agricultural water market in the farming sector facing reductions in the water endowment. The market lessens the negative effects on farming communities of short-term water restrictions associated with cyclical droughts. However, in scenarios of permanent reductions, such as those envisaged by global warming predictions or those that result from the implementation of the European Water Framework Directive, a water market may aggravate the negative effects of water shortage. Therefore, the paper shows that generalizations cannot be made about the effects of water markets on farming communities.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; D58; Q1; Q25; R13.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99095

EFEITOS DE UMA DESONERAÇÃO TRIBUTÁRIA NA ECONOMIA BRASILEIRA EM CENÁRIOS DE CRIAÇÃO DA ÁREA DE LIVRE COMÉRCIO DAS AMÉRICAS (ALCA)

Pereira, Matheus Wemerson Gomes; Teixeira, Erly Cardoso.

O objetivo desse artigo é determinar os impactos da criação da Área de Livre Comércio das Américas (ALCA), a partir de uma desoneração tributária, na economia brasileira. Para isso, foram analisados diversos cenários que contam, além da eliminação das tarifas ao comércio entre os países do continente americano, com redução de 10% dos impostos indiretos que incidem sobre o consumo, sobre os insumos intermediários e sobre a produção brasileira. O modelo do GTAPinGAMS é usado como instrumental analítico, aplicado à versão 6.0 do banco de dados do GTAP. Os resultados indicam que, em todos os cenários de ALCA, a redução dos impostos indiretos em 10% aumentou a competitividade, promoveu o crescimento e o bem-estar do Brasil e elevou a receita tributária. O...

Efeitos potenciais da política tributária sobre o consumo de alimentos e insumos agropecuários: uma análise de equilíbrio geral inter-regional

Palavras-chave: Integração regional; Tributos indiretos; Equilíbrio geral; GTAPinGAMS; Competitividade setorial; Regional integration; Indirect taxes; General equilibrium; GTAPinGAMS; Sectorial competition; International Relations/Trade; F13; F15; Q17; R13; H20.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109126

Santos, Carliton Vieira dos; Ferreira Filho, Joaquim Bento de Souza.

This paper analyses the potentials long run effects on the Brazilian economy of two policies in the field of the indirect taxes: a) the reduction of indirect taxes on food consumption by the households and; b) the reduction of indirect taxes on the main inputs used in the agricultural activity. The analysis is accomplished through two simulation exercises using a static inter-regional applied general equilibrium model. The benchmark year is 2001. The results of both simulations are found to be similar, except in terms of magnitude: the most intense effects are associated to the reduction the taxation on foods. Both simulations show expansion in the level of economic activity in the poorest regions of the country and reduction in the richest. They also show...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Tax policy; Indirect taxes; Foods; Agricultural activity; General equilibrium.; Agribusiness; R13; H20.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61923

Equilibrium Welfare Impacts of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments in the Los Angeles Area

Tra, Constant I..

This study develops a discrete choice locational equilibrium model to evaluate the benefits of the air quality improvements that occurred in the Los Angeles area following the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA). The discrete choice equilibrium approach accounts for the fact that air quality improvements brought about by the 1990 CAAA will change housing choices and prices. The study provides the first application of the discrete choice equilibrium framework (Anas, 1980, Bayer et al., 2005) to the valuation of large environmental changes. The study also provides new evidence for the distributional welfare impacts of the 1990 CAAA in the Los Angeles area. Households’ location choices are modeled according to the random utility framework of McFadden (1973)...

Evaluation of rural development programs after Poland’s accession to the EU: regional CGE approach

Palavras-chave: Benefit analysis; Ozone improvement; Locational equilibrium; Discrete choice; Environmental Economics and Policy; H0; Q28; R13; R21.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7341

Zawalinska, Katarzyna.

rural policy, pillar 2, Poland

Footloose Capital, Market Access, and the Geography of Regional State Aid

Palavras-chave: Rural development policy; Regional computable general equilibrium model; Poland; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q18; R13; H43; O1.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51342

Ottaviano, Gianmarco I.P..

The global welfare implications of home market effects in trade models with imperfect competition are little understood. This paper proposes a simple model in which such implications can be easily analyzed. It shows an overall tendency of imperfectly competitive sectors to inefficiently cluster in locations that offer market access advantages. The more so the stronger the market power of firms as well as the intensity of increasing returns to scale and the lower the trade costs. As such features are likely to differ widely across sectors, those results provide theoretical ground to the promotion of regional policies that are also sectorspecific and not only region-specific as currently in the EU.

Gender Needs Awareness and Gender Asymmetry: An Analysis of a Rural Women Survey in Mountainous Areas of South-eastern Spain

Palavras-chave: Economic integration; Specialization; Home market effect; Regional disparities; Regional policy; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; F12; L13; R13.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26387

Calatrava-Requena, Javier; Samir, Sayadi.

Achieving gender symmetry in rural areas is an important target for the European Union. There is no shortage of talent, ideas and energy amongst women in rural areas, nor are there legal constraints. However, a range of cultural obstacles still stand in the way of their full participation in rural development (the persistence of traditional views about women's and men's roles in society, etc.) particularly in the Mediterranean areas. The integration of equal opportunities will no longer be a choice, but it will be an obligation in the design and implementation of rural development programmes and projects. Some European initiatives (NOW, EQUAL, LEADER, etc.) have already been taken to improve rural women's opportunities to participate more actively in...

General Equilibrium Benefit Transfers for Spatial Externalities: Revisiting EPA's Prospective Analysis

Palavras-chave: Gender needs; Rural development; Gender asymmetry; Southeastern Spain; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital; O18; Q01; R13.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24646

Smith, V. Kerry; Sieg, Holger; Banzhaf, H. Spencer; Walsh, Randy.

Environmental policy analyses increasingly require the evaluation of benefits from large changes in spatially differentiated public goods. Such changes are likely to induce general equilibrium effects through changes in household expenditures and local migration, yet current practice "transfers" constant marginal values for even the largest changes. Moreover, it ignores important distributional effects of policy. This paper demonstrates that recently developed locational equilibrium models can provide transferable general equilibrium benefit measures. Our results suggest that taking account of the potential for adjustment and household heterogeneity is important. Applying benefits estimated from this method to the effect of the Clean Air Act amendments in...

Imports in the Washington State Economy: Importance and Regional Effects of Import Liberalization

Palavras-chave: Air quality; Clean air act; Non-market valuation; Tiebout model; Environmental Economics and Policy; H41; Q25; R13.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10820

Wieck, Christine; Wahl, Thomas I..

This paper focuses on the import side of a regional economy quantifying the economic impact of import levels and trade liberalization. An innovation represents the linkage of a regional with a national model by combining two separate Computable General Equilibrium models into one framework. This allows for import price formation in liberalization scenarios on the national level and subsequent incorporation of these nationally simulated prices into the regional model. The regional model is applied to Washington State, one of the most trade dependent states of the U.S, the national model to the U.S. Data for the two identically structured models origin from the IMPLAN database which divides the U.S. and Washington economy into 509 industries. For both...

Rural-Urban Migration and the Intergenerational Transmission of Wealth

Palavras-chave: Computable General equilibrium; Regional modelling; Trade liberalization; International Relations/Trade; C68; R13; F17.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9861

Enver, Ayesha; Partridge, Mark D..

Replaced with revised version of paper 07/24/08.

Spatial networks in multi-region computable general equilibrium models

Palavras-chave: Overlapping Generations Model; Rural-Urban Migration; Poverty Traps; Agglomeration Economies; Place-based Policies; Person-based Policies; Consumer/Household Economics; Labor and Human Capital; R13; R58; O15.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6475

Lofgren, Hans; Robinson, Sherman.

"January 1999." Includes bibliographical references (p. 22-24).

The Economic and Environmental Effects of an EU Ban on Illegal Logging Imports. Insights from a CGE Assessment

Palavras-chave: Equilibrium (Economics); Economic policy; Spatial analysis (Statistics); Computable general equilibrium (CGE); General Equilibrium; Spatial Network; Multi-Region Modeling; Transportation Costs; Trade Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; C68; D58; R13; O18.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97555

Bosello, Francesco; Parrado, Ramiro; Rosa, Renato.

Illegal logging is widely recognized as a major economic problem and one of the causes of environmental degradation. Increasing awareness of its negative effects has fostered a wide range of proposals to combat it by major international conservation groups and political organizations. Following the 2008 US legislation which prohibits the import of illegally harvested wood and wood products, the European Union (EU) is now discussing a legislation proposal which would ban illegal timber from the EU market. In this study we use the ICES computable general equilibrium model to estimate the reallocation of global demand and timber imports following the pending EU legislation. With this exercise our final objective is to assess the economic impacts and measure...